Class 3: 16/1/14 LIS1 Tourism Modal Verbs

May Might	Can Could	Will Would	Shall Should	Must
Permission (formal) You may go now. Not : prohibition (formal) Pupils may not smoke.	Permission You can go now. Not: prohibition Pupils cannot smoke. Permission in the past We could stay out late. Asking for permission now (I and We) polite Could I borrow your pen.	Instruction (the power is with the speaker) You will eat your soup. Not: prohibition You won’t go out tonight.	Injunction (formal, rules, laws, God) Payments shall be made at the end of the month. Not: prohibition You shall not kill. Advice You should tell him. Not: advice not to You shouldn’t smoke	Obligation He must tell the truth. Not: prohibition We mustn’t drink too much.	How Compulsary ?
Practical possibility It may be too late now. Not: possible that not I may not be on time. Eventuality It might be true. Not: eventuality that not He might not know.	Theoretical possibility Children can be difficult. Not : impossible It can’t be true. Weaker possibility There could be some room. Not: impossibility He couldn’t have known.	Prediction, reasonable deduction It will rain tomorrow. That’ll be my brother, he always calls at this hour.	[prediction] Polite suggestion (1st person) Shall we go? Expectation If I’m not mistaken, the vase should be in the cupboard.	Certainty He must be there by now.	How Certain ?
Wishes May the force be with you.	Ability I can read and write Ability in the past My grandfather could play the violin. Suggestion of an ability You could have tried harder.	Willingness He will sing in the shower. Willingness He would sing in the shower.			Other Meanings

Modal Verb Exercises

Use the modal verbs we just learned to fill in the blanks:

     MAY/MIGHT                CAN/COULD              SHALL/SHOULD              WILL/WOULD              MUST

1.     Ted’s flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours.  He ___________ be exhausted after such a long flight.  He ____________prefer to stay in tonight and get some rest.

2.     Hiking the trail to the peak ____________ be dangerous.  You ____________ research the route a little bit more before you attempt the assent.

3.     You ____________ clean up your room tonight!

4.     Please make sure to water the plants.  If you don’t they _____________ die.

5.     Thou __________ not pass! 

6.     The event ____________ be cancelled because of the snow. 

7.     It is half past seven, it _________ be too late now to go to the store. 

8.     He is always studying, he ____________ get a 20/20 on the test!

9.     Oh no!  Frank’s wallet is on the table, he ___________ have left it here last night!

10.                        In order to get a good grade you _________________ study.

Read the following example of an advice column from various sources.  Try and find the nuances of an advice column, what is the structure, how is it put together, what is its purpose etc? 

Do As We Do

                I am a junior in college and have an amazing relationship with my roommate.  We hang out together all the time, and I love him like a brother.  Trouble is, he’s really good looking, and as soon as girls see him, they ditch me.  I can be talking to a woman all night (and getting along really well), but as soon as he appears, she loses interest in me.  I don’t think he’s doing it intentionally, but it’s starting to get me down.  What should I do?

Lost My Mojo, New Haven

 

Class 3: 15/1/14 MAG2 Schmeat

 

Please watch the video: Test Tube Meat: Time Explains by TIME Magazine

Published on August 5, 2013 by Maria Cheng  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cglEAQhDymo

1. What kind of current meat production is good for the environment? (00:05)

        a. free range         b. organic sustainable       c. low cost             d. FDA approved

2. What is the new green way to get your burger meat called? (00:11)

3. How do current practices of raising animals impact the environment?  (0:23)

4. How much will world wide demand for meat increase by 2050?  (00:43)

                a. 30%                    b. 40%                    c. 50%                    d. 60%

5. Is this " real" meat tissue? (00:55)

6. What do the scientists use to make the meat tissue?  (1:00)

7. How could this be positive for vegetarians?  (1:22)

8. What did PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) do to promote this research? (1:30)

9. How much does it cost for 1 burger?  (1:51)

Hold the Relish

A lab-grown burger excites hopes but not taste buds

By Catherine Mayer / London Monday, Aug. 19, 2013

Photo-illustration by Marcus Gaab for TIME

Article shortened for use

True beef or not true beef? That is the question two volunteers masticating a burger in front of an invited audience in a London theater attempted to answer Aug. 5. Developing this version of the global fast-food staple in a laboratory had taken three months and eaten up £250,000 ($331,400)...

Schmeat--or "cultured beef," as the patty's progenitor, Mark Post, a professor of physiology and biomedical technology at Maastricht University in the Netherlands, calls it--is the culinary product of stem cells harvested from a cow's shoulder and lab-nurtured into strips of muscle. It's hailed by proponents as a potential solution to several juicy existential problems. The demand for cheap meat has been met at a high price to the environment--contributing greenhouse gases and diminishing biodiversity as ever more land is given over to feed crops--as well as risking human health and animal welfare. In Britain, beef eaters have experienced some of the downsides of industrialized farming and food production: an epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy that spiked in the early 1990s, a foot-and-mouth epidemic a decade later and, this year, the revelation that the "beef" in certain prepared foods was actually horse meat. Schmeat production, if scaled up enough to bring prices down, could help feed the world and reduce some of the pressures on the planet.

The quest to develop in vitro meat is ridden with apparent contradictions. Can this most processed of processed foods be healthy? Is it possible to solve problems created by our greed for meat by making more meat more cheaply? Post's work is lauded by some vegetarians. "Our goal is to promote foods that don't use animals at all," says Ingrid Newkirk, president of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), an animal-rights organization. "But enormous swaths of the population can't bring themselves to become vegan, so it's logical to support in vitro meat if its goal is to reduce suffering."

But if this really is the food of the future--and the most optimistic estimates suggest schmeat won't make it into supermarkets for 10 to 20 years--it will have to overcome "the ick factor."

"If consumers don't accept it, it won't work. It will end up having been a science experiment," says Cook, who flew to London for the event and believes the technology is "worth a look."

Vocabulary

to be hailed by someone - être salué par qqun

ridden - affigé

 lauded - loué; glorifié

swaths - partie

ick - berk

Questions

1.       How is "Shmeat" made?

2.       Why are current methods of generating meat bad for the world?

3.       What are the problems with Shmeat?

4.       Why is PETA a fan of Shmeat?

5.       Would you eat Shmeat?  Why/why not?

6.       Do you think this is a viable option for the future?

7.       Should Shmeat replace all other forms of meat?

Class 2: 13/1/14 LIS1 Tourism: Stereotypes and For/Since

Stereotypes

-          A characteristic that has been given to a group of people.

-          These characteristics are generally oversimplified.

-          Stereotypes are not always true and are learned conceptions of people.

For/Since/During/While

 For:

Used to express a complete duration of time.

ex. I have been walking for 2 hours.

Since:

Used when the beginning of the duration is what is important.

ex. I have been working here since April.  

During

Used when 2 actions happen at the same time and the second action is a duration expressed in a noun. 

ex. I fell asleep during English class.  

While

Used when 2 actions happen at the same time and they are both expressed as verbs.

ex. I met him on the street while I was walking.  
   

 

Class 2: 13/1/14 English Conversation L3 Group 1 Stereotypes and Culture Shock

Stereotypes

-          A characteristic that has been given to a group of people.

-          These characteristics are generally oversimplified.

-          Stereotypes are not always true and are learned conceptions of people. 

Culture Shock

Culture Shock: How charming things can turn into a nightmare!

“The definition of culture shock? When things that were quaint and charming when you arrived in a country suddenly seem stupid and backwards, that's culture shock.”

JustLanded.com

Culture Shock can be broken down into 4 phases:

Honeymoon phase

-          First Period where the differences between cultures seem romantic, cute or funny.

-          The person is generally happy with the decision to embark on the adventure and is enjoying leaning about the new culture.

-          New food, new life, new people, new language; it all seems so exciting and wonderful.  Like new music, at the beginning you want to listen to a song over and over again and when it is on the radio you turn it up.

-           This period is full of observations and new discoveries. Like most honeymoon periods, this stage eventually ends.

Negotiation phase

-          All good things must come to an end; W that Adele song is really getting old and you want nothing more to do with it.

-          This part usually comes after about 3 months. 

-          Those romantic differences that you noticed in the beginning are now going to be unavoidable and cause you to feel anxiety, frustration or stress.

-           Now you start to notice the language barriers and the stark differences between cultures, you start to disconnect and even resent the culture.

-          Funny Examples of French Culture Shock

1. WOW! All this CHEESE and YOGURT! How will we ever get to try it all?

(okay, can we not get anything like CHEDDAR? Is there *ANY* cheese that *ISN'T* creamy and white?)

2. How nice it is to be forced to relax on Sundays, since everything is closed.

(We're out of MILK? And we can't run to Wal-Mart and GET some? AAAARRRGGGHH!!!!)

3. All the food is so subtle and complex- what a blend of flavors and tastes!

(is there NOTHING SPICY in this whole country? I WANT BUFFALO WINGS!!!)

4. How neat- everyone takes a 2 hour break for lunch. That's a great idea to recharge in the middle of the day.

(okay, I have to wait HOW LONG to make a deposit at my bank? I can't run ANY errands over the only time of day that I have open?)

5. I can only use the bank branch where I opened my account to make deposits and withdrawals? That's nice- they are being so personal.

(I can only use ONE BRANCH to make a deposit? But they're closed on Monday and I need to deposit this money)

6. No American fast food restaurant except McDonald's? That will be WONDERFUL- we'll have home cooked meals every day for lunch and dinner and not eat out so much and have more nutritious food!

(okay, I would KILL for a Taco Bell Burrito, a hamburger from Wendy's, a Whopper, or a Chik-fil-a sandwich. And don't EVEN get me started about longing for Waffle House, Cracker Barrel, or MoJo's Chicken wings!) 

-           The language barrier may become a major obstacle in creating new relationships: special attention must be paid to one's and others' culture-specific body language signs, linguistic faux pas, conversation tone, linguistic nuances and customs, and false friends.

-          Start to feel isolated or lonely due to differences.

Adjustment phase

-          Around 6 months to a year.

-          One grows accustomed to the new culture and develops routines.

-          One knows what to expect in most situations and the host country no longer feels all that new.

-          The culture begins to make sense, and negative reactions and responses to the culture are reduced.

Mastery phase

-          In the mastery stage assignees are able to participate fully and comfortably in the host culture.

-          Mastery does not mean total conversion; people often keep many traits from their earlier culture, such as accents and languages.

Reverse Culture Shock

-          Occurs when returning to your home country.

-          At first you are extremely happy to be with your friends and family and in your culture.

-          You have become accustomed the the new country and have a hard time readjusting.

-          Your friends and family from home don’t understand your experiences and aren’t interested in hearing about every detail of your experience.

-          You feel out of place and isolated once again.

Class 2: 13/1/14 MAG Group 4 Food Around the World

Today we started our conversation about food customs around the world.

Slide 1:

What did you eat for breakfast?  What do you think that I ate for breakfast?

Slide 2:

lTake time in groups to talk to your neighbors about food in France.

lWhat are the specific customs here concerning eating?

lWhat are foods that are important to French culture?

lWhat are the “faux pas” concerning eating habits? 

Slide 3:

What is this?  Why could it be illegal in the United States?

 Slide 4: Table Manner Test, decide if these are true or false.

Table Manner Test - University of Illinois by Darla Binkley and Marjabelle Stewart

1.       In Japan, it is acceptable to slurp noodles.

2.       Burping after a meal is a compliment to the hostess in Asian cultures.

3.       In Germany, it's acceptable to tuck your napkin into your shirt collar.

4.       In Australia, it's okay to eat certain foods off the knife.

5.       The European style of eating is to hold the fork in the left hand and push food onto it with the knife, which is held in the right hand.

6.       In Great Britain, small foods like peas and corn are eating by squashing them onto the tines of a fork.

7.       At a formal dinner in the United States, youth are served first.

8.       When eating picnic style in the United States, it is acceptable to lick ones fingers.

9.       In Chile, it is considered bad manners to eat food, except ice cream, on the street.

10.    In Samoa, the fingers are used to eat instead of utensils, licking the fingers is acceptable.

11.    Eastern cultures wrap both hands around the teacup while drinking from it.

12.    When a guest in someone's home in Columbia, it is impolite to overeat.

13.    In Bolivia it is considered polite to eat a small portion of each type of food offered.

14.    Traditional Indonesian families use silverware to eat their food.

15.    In El Salvador, it is polite to leave a little food on the plate.

16.    In France, it is impolite to have your hands under the table during a meal.

17.    In the Chinese culture it is impolite to taste every type of food prepared.

18.    There is lots of conversation during a Korean meal.

19.    When a guest in Switzerland, the best way to compliment the host is to take second helpings and eat everything on the plate.

20.    In the Middle East, people eat only with their left hand.

Slide 5: History of Food

• lIn the beginning humans ate what they could find.  Hunter-gatherers
• lAs humans became more developed, more sophisticated cuisine styles arrived.
• lFood intake was often based on location and what was available. 
• lThen technology such as canning, refrigeration, etc. changed the way we eat. 

Slide 6: How is diet impacted?

•  Religion
• Health
• Choice
• Location
• Income

Slide 7: Wedding Traditons

Fruit cake - England

Bread breaking tradition - Greece

5 Jordan almonds - Italy

Greeted with milk - Morocco

Served rice - Thailand

Eat a whole pig - Philippines